What is wetland salinity

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Changes in landuse, seasonal variations in our weather and longer-term changes to climate can all affect surface water, groundwater, the flows between them, and the amounts of salt that they contain.

The term "salinity" refers to the concentrations of salts in water or soils. Salinity can take three forms, classified by their causes: primary salinity also called natural salinity ; secondary salinity also called dryland salinity , and tertiary salinity also called irrigation salinity.

However, high levels of salinity and acidity if present are harmful to many plants and animals. Salt in our water resources is generally derived from three sources. Firstly, small amounts of salt primarily sodium chloride are evaporated from ocean water and are carried in rainclouds and deposited across the landscape with rainfall. Secondly, some landscapes may also contain salt that have been released from rocks during weathering gradual breakdown , and thirdly, salt may remain in sediments left behind by retreating seas after periods where ocean levels were much higher or the land surface much lower.

Salt concentrations in rainfall are higher near the coast, and decrease as one moves inland. Primary salinity is caused by natural processes such the accumulation of salt from rainfall over many thousands of years or from the weathering of rocks. When rain falls on a landscape, some evaporates from soil, vegetation surfaces and water bodies, some infiltrates into the soil and the ground water, and some enters streams and rivers and flows into lakes or oceans.

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Volume Article Contents Abstract. Shade and salinity responses of two dominant coastal wetland grasses: implications for light competition at the transition zone. Emil Jespersen , Emil Jespersen.

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